Lipapali tsa China:
Tsoelopele le Tšireletso ea Litokelo
Ofisi ea Boitsebiso ea Lekhotla la Naha ea
Rephaboliki ea Batho ba Chaena
Litaba
Selelekela
I. Li-Parasports li Hatetse Pele ka Nts'etsopele ea Naha
II.Mesebetsi ea 'Mele Bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng e Atlehile
III.Lits'ebetso ho Parasports li ntse li ntlafala butle
IV.Ho kenya letsoho ho Li-Parasports tsa Machaba
V. Liphihlello ho Parasports li Bontša Ntlafatso ea Litokelo tsa Botho tsa Chaena
Qetello
Selelekela
Lipapali li bohlokoa ho batho bohle, ho kenyeletsoa le ba nang le bokooa.Ho nts'etsapele li-parasports ke mokhoa o sebetsang oa ho thusa batho ba nang le bokooa ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ba 'mele, ho phehella pholiso ea 'mele le kelello, ho nka karolo mesebetsing ea sechaba, le ho fihlela nts'etsopele ea maemo ohle.E boetse e fana ka monyetla o ikgethang bakeng sa setjhaba ho utlwisisa betere bokgoni le boleng ba batho ba holofetseng, le ho kgothalletsa kutlwano le kgatelopele ya setjhaba.Ho feta moo, ho nts'etsapele li-parasport ho bohlokoa haholo ho netefatseng hore batho ba nang le bokooa ba ka thabela litokelo tse lekanang, ba ikamahanya le sechaba, 'me ba arolelana litholoana tsa tsoelopele moruong le sechabeng.Ho kenya letsoho lipapaling ke tokelo ea bohlokoa ea batho ba nang le bokooa hammoho le karolo ea bohlokoa ea tšireletso ea litokelo tsa botho.
Komiti e Bohareng ea Mokha oa Makomonisi oa Chaena (CPC) e nang le Xi Jinping qalong e nka taba ea batho ba nang le bokooa e le ea bohlokoa haholo, 'me e ba fa tlhokomelo e batsi.Ho tloha Kopanong ea Naha ea Bo-18 ea CPC ka 2012, e tataisoang ke Xi Jinping Mehopolo mabapi le Bososhiale le Litšobotsi tsa Machaena bakeng sa Nako e Ncha, China e kenyelelitse sesosa sena ho Moralo o Kopanetsoeng oa mekhahlelo e mehlano le Leano le Pharalletseng la Mekhahlelo e Mene, mme e nkile mehato e tiileng le e sebetsang. ho hlahisa li-parasports.Ka tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng ea li-parasports naheng ea Chaena, baatlelete ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ba sebelitse ka thata 'me ba hapela naha tlhompho lebaleng la machaba, ba khothatsa sechaba ka bokhoni ba bona ba lipapali.Khatelo-pele ea nalane e entsoe ho nts'etsapele lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa.
Ha Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic tsa Beijing tsa 2022 li se li le haufi, baatlelete ba nang le bokooa ba boetse ba hohela tlhokomelo ea lefats'e.Ka sebele Lipapali li tla fana ka monyetla bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea li-parasports naheng ea Chaena;li tla thusa mokhatlo oa machaba oa li-parasports ho tsoela pele "hammoho bakeng sa bokamoso bo kopanetsoeng".
I. Li-Parasports li Hatetse Pele ka Nts'etsopele ea Naha
Ho tloha ha ho thehoa Rephabliki ea People of China (PRC) ka 1949, molemong oa phetohelo ea bososhiale le kaho bocha, phetoho le ho bula, ntlafatso ea bososhiale, le socialism e nang le litšobotsi tsa Sechaena bakeng sa mehla e mecha, hammoho le ho hatela pele molemong oa ba nang le bokooa, li-parasport li tsoetse pele li bile li atlehile, li kena tseleng e nang le likarolo tse ikhethang tsa Sechaena le ho hlompha mekhoa ea mehla.
1. Khatelo-pele e tsitsitseng e entsoe li-parasports ka mor'a ho thehoa ha PRC.Ka ho theoa ha PRC, batho ba ile ba fetoha benghali ba naha.Batho ba nang le bokooa ba ile ba fuoa maemo a lekanang lipolotiking, ba thabela litokelo le litlamo tse tšoanang le tsa baahi ba bang.TheMolaotheo oa 1954 oa People's Republic of Chinae hlalositse hore "ba na le tokelo ea ho thusoa ka lintho tse bonahalang".Lifeme tsa boiketlo ba sechaba, mekhatlo ea boiketlo ba sechaba, likolo tsa thuto e khethehileng, mekhatlo e khethehileng ea sechaba le tikoloho e ntle ea sechaba li tiisitse litokelo tsa mantlha le lithahasello tsa batho ba nang le bokooa le ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba bona.
Lilemong tsa pele tsa PRC, CPC le mmuso oa Chaena li ile tsa nka bohlokoa bo boholo ho lipapali bakeng sa batho.Li-Parasports li ile tsa hatela pele butle likolong, lifekthering le li-sanatorium.Palo e khōlō ea batho ba holofetseng e ile ea kenya letsoho ka mafolofolo lipapaling tse kang radio calisthenics, boikoetliso ba mosebetsing, thenese ea litafole, basketball, le tog of war, ho rala motheo oa hore batho ba bangata ba holofetseng ba kopanele lipapaling.
Ka 1957, lipapali tsa pele tsa naha bakeng sa bacha ba foufetseng li ile tsa etsahala Shanghai.Mekhatlo ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa ba kutlo e ile ea thehoa naheng eohle, ’me ea hlophisa liketsahalo tsa lipapali tsa libaka.Ka 1959, tlholisano ea pele ea naha ea banna ea basketball bakeng sa ba nang le bokooa ba kutlo e ile ea tšoaroa.Litlhōlisano tsa lipapali tsa naha li ile tsa khothalletsa batho ba bangata ba holofetseng ho kopanela lipapaling, tsa ntlafatsa ho phela hantle ’meleng, ’me tsa eketsa cheseho ea bona ea ho kopanngoa sechabeng.
2. Li-Parasport li ile tsa hatela pele ka potlako ka mor'a ho thakholoa ha liphetoho le ho bula.Ka mor'a ho hlahisoa ha liphetoho le ho buloa ka 1978, Chaena e fihletse phetoho ea histori - ho phahamisa maemo a bophelo a batho ba eona ho tloha ho iphelisa ho ea boemong ba motheo ba katleho e itekanetseng.Sena se ile sa tšoaea khatelo-pele e kholo bakeng sa naha ea Chaena - ho tloha ho ema ka kotloloho ho ea ho maemo a betere.
CPC le mmuso wa China di ile tsa thakgola boikitlaetso bo bongata bo boholo ba ho buella kgatelopele ya diparasport le ho ntlafatsa maphelo a batho ba nang le bokowa.Naha e phatlalalitse theMolao oa People's Republic of China mabapi le Tšireletso ea Batho ba nang le Bokooa, 'me e tiisitsoeTumellano ea Litokelo tsa Batho ba nang le Bokooa.Ha phetoho le ho bula li ntse li tsoela pele, ho phahamisa lithahasello tsa batho ba nang le bokooa ho ile ha fetoha ho tloha boiketlong ba sechaba, ho fanoa haholo ka mokhoa oa ho fana ka liphallelo, ho ba mosebetsi o pharaletseng oa sechaba.Ho ile ha etsoa boiteko bo boholoanyane ba ho eketsa menyetla ea hore batho ba nang le bokooa ba be le seabo mesebetsing ea sechaba, le ho hlompha le ho sireletsa litokelo tsa bona ka litsela tsohle, ho rala metheo ea ntlafatso ea lipalangoang.
TheMolao oa People's Republic of China mabapi le Setso sa 'Mele le Lipapalie bolela hore sechaba ka kakaretso se lokela ho ameha le ho tšehetsa ho kenya letsoho ha batho ba nang le bokooa mesebetsing ea ’mele, le hore mebuso maemong ’ohle e tla nka mehato ea ho fana ka maemo a hore batho ba nang le bokooa ba kopanele mesebetsing ea ’mele.Molao o boetse o laela hore batho ba nang le bokooa ba be le phihlello e khethehileng ea lits'ebetso le lits'ebeletso tsa lipapali tsa sechaba, le hore likolo li tla theha maemo a ho hlophisa lipapali tse tsamaellanang le maemo a itseng a baithuti ba phelang hantle kapa ba nang le bokooa.
Li-Parasport li kenyelelitsoe maanong a ntlafatso ea naha le mererong ea ntlafatso ea batho ba nang le bokooa.Mekhoa e amehang ea mosebetsi le litšebeletso tsa sechaba li ile tsa ntlafatsoa, e leng ho nolofalletsang li-parasports ho kena boemong ba tsoelo-pele e potlakileng.
Ka 1983, ho ile ha tšoaroa memo ea naha ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa Tianjin.Ka 1984, Lipapali tsa Pele tsa Naha tsa Batho ba nang le Bokooa li ile tsa tšoareloa Hefei, Profinseng ea Anhui.Selemong sona seo, Team China e ile ea qala ho bapala Lipapaling tsa Lehlabula tsa Paralympic tsa bo 7 New York, 'me ea hapa khau ea eona ea pele ea khauta ea Paralympic.Ka 1994, Beijing e ile ea tšoara Lipapali tsa bo 6 tsa Bochabela bo Hōle le Pacific Boroa bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa (FESPIC Games), ketsahalo ea pele ea machaba ea lipapali tse ngata bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa e neng e tšoaretsoe Chaena.Ka 2001, Beijing e ile ea hapa kopo ea ho tšoara Lipapali tsa Lehlabula tsa Liolimpiki le tsa Paralympic tsa 2008.Ka 2004, Team China e ile ea etella pele palo ea likhau tsa khauta le palo e akaretsang ea likhau ka lekhetlo la pele Athens Paralympic Summer Games.Ka 2007, Shanghai e ile ea tšoara Lipapali tsa Lehlabula tsa Lefatše tsa Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng.Ka 2008, Lipapali tsa Lehlabula tsa Paralympic li ile tsa tšoareloa Beijing.Ka 2010, Guangzhou e ile ea tšoara Lipapali tsa Asian Para.
Nakong ena, Chaena e ile ea theha mekhatlo e mengata ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, ho kopanyelletsa le Mokhatlo oa Chaena oa Lipapali bakeng sa Batho ba holofetseng (hamorao o ile oa rehoa Komiti ea Sechaba ea Paralympic ea Chaena), Mokhatlo oa Chaena oa Lipapali oa Batho ba sa Utloeng Litsebeng, le Mokhatlo oa Chaena oa Mentally. Challenged (hamorao e ile ea rehoa Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng Chaena).China e ile ea boela ea ikopanya le mekhatlo e mengata ea machaba ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, ho kenyeletsa le Komiti ea Machaba ea Paralympic.Ho sa le joalo, mekhatlo e fapaneng ea lipapali ea lehae bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa e ile ea thehoa ho pholletsa le naha.
3. Khatelo-pele ea nalane e entsoe ka li-parasports nakong e ncha.Ho tloha ka 18th CPC National Congress ka 2012, socialism e nang le litšobotsi tsa Machaena e kene nakong e ncha.China e ahile sechaba se atlehileng ka mokhoa o itekanetseng ka mekhoa eohle joalo ka ha ho reriloe, 'me naha ea Chaena e fihletse phetoho e kholo haholo - ho tloha ho emang e otlolohile ho ea ho ba atlehileng le ho hola ka matla.
Xi Jinping, mongoli kakaretso oa Komiti e Bohareng ea CPC le mopresidente oa Chaena, o amehile haholo ka batho ba nang le bokooa.O hatisa hore batho ba nang le bokooa ke litho tse lekanang tsa sechaba, 'me ke matla a bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea tsoelo-pele ea batho le ho tšehetsa le ho ntlafatsa bososhiale ba Chaena.O bolela hore ba nang le bokooa le bona ba khona ho phela bophelo bo khotsofatsang joaloka batho ba phelang hantle.O boetse a laela hore ha ho batho ba nang le bokooa ba lokelang ho sala morao ha katleho e itekanetseng ka litsela tsohle e ne e tla fumaneha Chaena ka 2020. Xi o itlamme hore Chaena e tla hlahisa mananeo a mang a batho ba nang le bokooa, ho khothalletsa tsoelo-pele ea bona ka hohle le katleho e arolelanoang. le ho leka ka matla ho etsa bonnete ba phihlello ea litšebeletso tsa tokiso bakeng sa motho e mong le e mong ea holofetseng.O tšepisitse hore China e tla fana ka lipapali tsa Liolimpiki le Liolimpiki tsa Mariha tse khabane le tse sa tloaelehang Beijing 2022. O boetse a toboketsa hore naha e tlameha ho nahanela ka ho fana ka litšebeletso tse bonolo, tse sebetsang hantle, tse lebisitsoeng le tse hlokolosi bakeng sa baatlelete, haholo-holo, ho finyella litlhoko tse khethehileng. ea baatlelete ba nang le bokooa ka ho aha lisebelisoa tse fihlellehang.Maikutlo ana a bohlokoa a bonts'itse tsela ea sesosa sa batho ba nang le bokooa Chaena.
Tlas'a boeta-pele ba Komiti e Bohareng ea CPC e nang le Xi Jinping motheong oa eona, Chaena e kenyelletsa mananeo a batho ba nang le bokooa mererong ea eona e akaretsang ea nts'etsopele ea moruo le sechaba le merero ea ts'ebetso ea litokelo tsa botho.Ka lebaka leo, litokelo le lithahasello tsa batho ba nang le bokooa li sirelelitsoe hamolemo, 'me lipakane tsa tekano, ho kenya letsoho le ho arolelana li atametse.Batho ba nang le bokooa ba na le maikutlo a matla a khotsofalo, thabo le tšireletseho, 'me li-parasports li na le tebello e khanyang ea tsoelo-pele.
Li-Parasports li kenyelelitsoe maanong a naha a China a Fitness-for-All, Healthy China initiative, le Ho Aha China hore e be Naha e Matla Lipapaling.TheMolao oa People's Republic of China mabapi le Netefatso ea Litšebeletso tsa Setso sa Sechaba le Melawana ea Kaho ea Tikoloho e Finyellehang.fana ka hore ho tla beoa pele ho ntlafatso ea phihlello ea lits'ebeletso tsa sechaba ho kenyeletsoa le litsi tsa lipapali.China e hahile Lebala la Naha la Lipapali tsa Leqhoa bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bofokoli.Batho ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ba ntse ba kenya letsoho mesebetsing ea ntlafatso le boikoetliso, ba kenya letsoho lipapaling tsa parasport metseng le malapeng a bona, le ho nka karolo lipapaling tsa kantle.Morero oa Tšehetso ea Bokooa tlas'a Lenaneo la Naha la Boiketlo ba 'Mele o kentsoe tšebetsong,' me barupeli ba lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa ba rupetsoe.Batho ba nang le bokooa bo boholo ba na le monyetla oa ho fumana litšebeletso tsa ho nchafatsoa le ho ikoetlisa malapeng a bona.
Ho entsoe boiteko bo bong le bo bong ho itokisetsa Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic tsa Beijing tsa 2022, 'me baatlelete ba Machaena ba tla nka karolo liketsahalong tsohle.Lipapaling tsa Mariha tsa Pyeongchang Paralympic tsa 2018, baatlelete ba Machaena ba hapile khauta ho Wheelchair Curling, e leng khau ea pele ea China ho Winter Paralympics.Lipapaling tsa Lehlabula tsa Paralympic tsa Tokyo 2020, baatlelete ba Machaena ba fumane liphetho tse makatsang, ba behile maemong a holimo likhau tsa khauta le likhau lekhetlo la bohlano ka tatellano.Baatlelete ba Machaena ba kentse litlhōrō tse ncha ho Deaflympics le Lipapali tse Khethehileng tsa Lefatše tsa Liolimpiki.
Parasports e hatetse pele haholo naheng ea China, e bonts'a matla a setheo sa China ho khothaletseng mananeo a batho ba nang le bokooa, le ho bonts'a likatleho tsa ona tse hlokomelehang mabapi le ho hlompha le ho sireletsa litokelo le lithahasello tsa batho ba nang le bokooa.Ho pholletsa le naha, kutloisiso, tlhompho, tlhokomelo le thuso ho batho ba nang le bokooa li ntse li eketseha ka matla.Batho ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ba ntse ba phethahatsa litoro tsa bona le ho finyella lintlafatso tse tsotehang bophelong ba bona ka lipapali.Sebete, tiisetso le tiisetso tseo batho ba nang le bokooa ba li bonts'ang ha ba sutumelletsa meeli le ho hatela pele li khothalelitse sechaba sohle le ho khothaletsa tsoelopele ea sechaba le setso.
II.Mesebetsi ea 'Mele Bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng e Atlehile
China e nka mesebetsi ea ntlafatso le boikoetliso bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa e le e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa ho kenya ts'ebetsong maano a naha a Fitness-for-All, Healthy China initiative, le ho Aha China hore e be Naha e Matla Lipapaling.Ka ho etsa mesebetsi ea li-parasport ho pholletsa le naha eohle, ho ntlafatsa litaba tsa liketsahalo tse joalo, ho ntlafatsa litšebeletso tsa lipapali, le ho matlafatsa lipatlisiso tsa saense le thuto, Chaena e khothalelitse batho ba nang le bokooa ho ba le bankakarolo ba mafolofolo mesebetsing ea ho tsosolosa le ho ikoetlisa.
1. Mesebetsi ea 'mele bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa e ntse e atleha.Boemong ba sechaba, ho hlophisitsoe mefuta e fapaneng ea mesebetsi ea ntlafatso le boikoetliso bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, e ikamahanyang le maemo a sebaka sa litoropo le mahaeng a China.Ho khothaletsa bonkakarolo ba batho ba nang le bokooa mesebetsing ea boithapollo ea mantlha le lipapali tsa tlholisano, China e atolositse mesebetsi ea tokiso le lits'ebeletso tsa lipapali tsa boikoetliso sechabeng ka theko ea 'muso.Sekhahla sa ho nka karolo mesebetsing ea mantlha ea setso le lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa Chaena se eketsehile, ho tloha ho liperesente tse 6.8 ka 2015 ho isa ho liperesente tse 23.9 ka 2021.
Likolo maemong ohle le tsa mefuta eohle li hlophisitse liketsahalo tsa ka mehla tsa boikoetliso tse etselitsoeng baithuti ba tsona ba nang le bokooa, 'me li khothalelitse ho tantša ka mela, ho thoholetsa, ho kobeha ha metsi naheng e omileng, le lipapali tse ling tsa sehlopha.Baithuti ba koleche le ba likolong tsa mathomo le tsa sekondari ba khothalelitsoe ho nka karolo mererong e kang Lenaneo la Univesithi ea Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng le Lipapaling Tse Kgethehileng tsa Liolimpiki tse Kopanetsoeng.Basebeletsi ba tsa bongaka ba 'nile ba bokelloa ho kenya letsoho mesebetsing e kang ho tsosolosa lipapali, sehlopha sa para-athletics, le Lenaneo le Khethehileng la Liolimpiki tsa Bophelo bo Botle ba Liolimpiki,' me barupeli ba 'mele ba khothalelitsoe ho kenya letsoho litšebeletsong tsa litsebi tse kang boikoetliso ba' mele le koetliso ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, le ho fana ka litšebeletso tsa boithaopo bakeng sa li-parasports.
Lipapali tsa Naha tsa China bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng li kenyelelitse liketsahalo tsa ho tsosolosa le ho ikoetlisa.Lipapali tsa Naha tsa Bolo ea Batho ba Holofetseng li 'nile tsa tšoaroa ka mekhahlelo e mengata ea batho ba nang le bokooa ba pono kapa ba kutlo kapa ba nang le bokooa ba kelello.Lihlopha tse nkang karolo Phalisong e Butsoeng ea Naha ea Batho ba Nang le Bokooa joale li tsoa liprofinseng tse ka bang 20 le mafapheng a tšoanang a tsamaiso.Palo e ntseng e eketseha ea likolo tsa thuto e khethehileng e entse motjeko oa ho tantša e le boikoetliso ba 'mele bakeng sa khefu ea tsona e khōlō.
2. Liketsahalo tsa Parasport li etsoa naheng ka bophara.Batho ba nang le bokooa khafetsa ba nka karolo liketsahalong tsa naha tsa parasports, tse kang Letsatsi la Naha le Khethehileng la Liolimpiki, Beke ea Boikoetliso bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng, le Nako ea Lipapali Tsa Mariha bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng.Ho tloha ka 2007, China esale e hlophisa liketsahalo tsa ho tsebahatsa Letsatsi la Naha la Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng, le oelang ka la 20 Phupu selemo se seng le se seng.Ho nka karolo ho Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng ho kentse bokhoni ba batho ba nang le bokooa ba kelello, ho ntlafalitse boitlhompho ba bona, le ho ba tlisa sechabeng.Ho tloha 2011, ho pota Letsatsi la Boiketlo ba Sechaba selemo le selemo, Chaena e ntse e hlophisa mesebetsi ea li-parasports naheng ka bophara ho tšoaea Beke ea Boikoetliso bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa, nakong eo liketsahalo tse kang setulo sa likooa Tai Chi, Tai Chi ball le lipapali tsa bolo ea maoto tse foufetseng li 'nile tsa tšoaroa.
Ka ho kenya letsoho liketsahalong tsa tokiso le tsa ho ikoetlisa, batho ba nang le bokooa ba se ba tloaelane le li-parasports, ba qalile ho nka karolo lipapaling, 'me ba ithutile ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa ho tsosolosa le ho ikoetlisa.Ba bile le monyetla oa ho bontša le ho fapanyetsana litsebo tsa ho tsosolosa le ho ikoetlisa.Boikoetliso bo matla le ho ba le kelello e nepahetseng ho khothalelitse takatso ea bona ea bophelo, 'me ba itšepa haholoanyane mabapi le ho ikopanya le sechaba.Liketsahalo tse kang Wheelchair Marathon bakeng sa Batho ba holofetseng, Chess Challenge har'a Libapali tse Foufetseng, le Lipapali tsa Sechaba tsa Tai Chi Ball bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bofokoli ba kutlo li fetohile liketsahalo tsa naha tsa parasports.
3. Lipapali tsa mariha tsa batho ba nang le bokooa li ntse li eketseha.Selemo se seng le se seng ho tloha ka 2016 China e tšoere Nako ea Lipapali tsa Mariha bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa, ho ba fa sethala sa ho nka karolo lipapaling tsa mariha, le ho phethahatsa boitlamo ba boitlamo ba Beijing 2022 ba ho kenya letsoho batho ba limilione tse 300 lipapaling tsa mariha.Sekala sa bonkakarolo se eketsehile ho tloha ho diyuniti tse 14 tsa maemo a provense Sehleng sa pele sa Dipapadi tsa Mariha ho ya ho diporofense tse 31 le diyuniti tse lekanang le tseo tsa tsamaiso.Ho 'nile ha tšoaroa mesebetsi e fapa-fapaneng ea li-parasports tsa mariha tse lumellanang le maemo a sebaka seo, e lumellang barupeluoa ho ba le liketsahalo tsa Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic, le ho nka karolo lipapaling tsa mariha tse nkang karolo ka bongata, likampong tsa ntlafatso ea mariha le likampo tsa boikoetliso ba 'mele, le mekete ea leqhoa le lehloa.Lipapali tse fapaneng tsa mariha bakeng sa ho nka karolo ha batho ba bangata li thehiloe le ho khothaletsoa, tse kang ho thellelisa lehloeng, ho thellisa lehloeng, ho thellelisa fatše, ho koaleha ha metsi, ice Cuju (papali ea setso ea Machaena ea ho hlōlisana ka bolo holim'a leqhoeng), ho thelelisa lehloeng, ho thellisa, ho thellisa, leqhoa. libaesekele, bolo ea maoto lehloeng, ho palama sekepe sa ice dragon, ho hula lehloa, le ho tšoasa litlhapi ka leqhoa.Lipapali tsena tse ncha le tse monate li ipakile li ratoa haholo ke batho ba nang le bokooa.Ho feta moo, ho fumaneha ha lipapali tsa mariha le lits'ebeletso tsa boikoetliso bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa boemong ba sechaba, le tšehetso ea tekheniki, li ntlafalitsoe ka phatlalatso ea thepa e kang.Buka ea Tataiso mabapi le Mananeo a Lipapali a Mariha le Boikoetliso Bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng.
4. Litšebeletso tsa ho nchafatsa le ho ikoetlisa bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa li lula li ntlafala.China e hlahisitse letoto la mehato ea ho kenyelletsa batho ba nang le bokooa ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso ea 'mele, le ho hlaolela lihlopha tsa litšebeletso tsa ntlafatso le boikoetliso.Tsena li kenyelletsa: ho qala morero oa ho Intlafatsa oa Boikoetliso le Leano la Tlhokomelo ea Tsosoloso ea Lipapali, ho nts'etsapele le ho khothaletsa mananeo, mekhoa le lisebelisoa bakeng sa tokiso le ho phela hantle ha batho ba nang le bokooa, ho matlafatsa litšebeletso tsa lipapali le lihlahisoa tsa batho ba nang le bokooa, le ho khothaletsa litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle sechabeng. bakeng sa bona le litšebeletso tsa tokiso ea malapeng bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa bo boholo.
Maemo a Naha a Motheo a Tshebeletso ya Setjhaba bakeng sa Dipapadi tsa Bongata (Khatiso ya 2021)le melaoana e meng ea naha le melaoana e hlalosang hore tikoloho ea bophelo bo botle bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa e lokela ho ntlafatsoa, 'me e hloka hore ba fihlele lits'ebeletso tsa sechaba mahala kapa ka litheko tse fokotsehileng.Ho tloha ka 2020, kakaretso ea libaka tsa lipapali tsa batho ba nang le bokooa tse 10,675 li se li hahiloe naha ka bophara, ho rupetsoe barupeli ba 125,000, 'me malapa a 434,000 a nang le batho ba nang le bokooa bo boholo a fuoe litšebeletso tsa tokiso le boikoetliso ba malapeng.Ho sa le joalo, China e tsamaisitse ka mafolofolo khaho ea litsi tsa lipapali tsa mariha bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa ka sepheo sa ho tšehetsa libaka tse sa tsoelang pele, makeisheneng le mahaeng.
5. Khatelo-pele e entsoe thutong le lipatlisisong tsa parasports.China e kenyelelitse li-parasports lithutong tse khethehileng, koetliso ea matichere le mananeo a thuto ea 'mele, 'me e potlakisitse nts'etsopele ea litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa parasports.Tsamaiso ea Chaena ea Lipapali bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa, Komiti ea Ntšetso-pele ea Lipapali ea Mokhatlo oa Lipatlisiso tsa Batho ba nang le Bokooa ba Chaena, hammoho le litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa parasports lik'holejeng tse ngata le liunivesithing, li theha matla a ka sehloohong thutong le lipatlisisong tsa parasports.Sistimi ea ho holisa talenta ea parasport e se e thehiloe.Liunivesithi le likoleche tse ling li butse lithuto tse ikhethileng mabapi le li-parasports.Ho 'nile ha lengoa litsebi tse ngata tsa lipapali tsa parasport.Ho se ho entsoe tsoelo-pele e kholo liphuputsong tsa parasports.Ho tloha ka 2021, merero e fetang 20 ea li-parasports e ne e tšehetsoa ke Letlole la Naha la Saense ea Sechaba ea Chaena.
III.Lits'ebetso ho Parasports li ntse li ntlafala butle
Batho ba holofetseng ba ntse ba ikakhela ka setotsoana lipapaling.Baatlelete ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ba 'nile ba hlōlisana lipapaling lapeng le linaheng tse ling.Ba batla ho tobana le liphephetso, ho hahamalla ho intlafatsa, ho bontša moea oa ho hlōloa, le ho loanela bophelo bo babatsehang le bo atlehileng.
1. Baatlelete ba lipapali tsa China ba fane ka litšoantšiso tse babatsehang liketsahalong tse khōlō tsa machaba tsa lipapali.Ho tloha ka 1987, baatlelete ba Machaena ba nang le bokooa ba kelello ba nkile karolo Lipapaling tsa Lehlabula tsa Lefatše tsa Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng tse robong le Lipapali tse Ikhethileng tsa Lefatše tsa Mariha tsa Liolimpiki tse supileng.Ka 1989, baatlelete ba litholo ba Machaena ba ile ba qala ho bapala lipapaling tsa bona tsa machaba Lipapaling tsa Lefatše tsa Bo-16 tsa Batho ba sa Utloeng Litsebeng Christchurch, New Zealand.Ka 2007, moifo oa Machaena o ile oa hapa khau ea boronse ho Lipapali tsa Bo-16 tsa Mariha tsa Batho ba sa utloeng litsebeng tse neng li tšoaretsoe Salt Lake City ea United States - khau ea pele e hapiloeng ke baatlelete ba Machaena ketsahalong eo.Ka mor'a moo, baatlelete ba Machaena ba ile ba finyella litšoantšiso tse babatsehang lipapaling tse 'maloa tsa Li-Deaflympics tsa Lehlabula le Mariha.Ba ile ba boela ba kenya letsoho lipapaling tsa Asia bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa 'me ba hapa likhau tse ngata.Ka 1984, baatlelete ba 24 ba tsoang moifong oa Machaena oa Paralympic ba ile ba hlōlisana Lipapaling tsa Liatleletiki, Ho Sesa le Tenese ea Tafole ho Seventh Summer Paralympics New York, ’me ba tlisa hae likhau tse 24, ho kenyeletsoa le likhau tse peli tsa khauta, e leng se ileng sa hlahisa tjantjello ea lipapali har’a batho ba nang le bokooa Chaena.Ho Liolimpiki tse latelang tsa Lehlabula, tšebetso ea Team China e bontšitse ntlafatso e hlakileng.Ka 2004, Lipapaling tsa Liolimpiki tsa Lehlabula tsa bo-12 tse neng li tšoaretsoe Athene, moifo oa Machaena o ile oa hapa likhau tse 141, ho kenyeletsoa le likhau tse 63, e leng boemo ba pele ho likhau ka bobeli le likhau tse hapiloeng.Ka 2021, Lipapaling tsa Liolimpiki tsa Lehlabula tsa bo-16 tse neng li tšoaretsoe Tokyo, Sehlopha sa China se hapile likhau tse 207, ho kenyeletsoa le ligauda tse 96, e leng se holimo ho palo ea likhau tsa khauta le maemo a kakaretso a likhau lekhetlo la bohlano le latellanang.Nakong ea Moralo oa 13 oa Lilemo tse Hlano (2016-2020), China e rometse baromuoa ba nang le bokooa ba nang le bokooa ho nka karolo liketsahalong tsa lipapali tsa machaba tse 160, ho tlisa hae kakaretso ea likhau tsa khauta tse 1,114.
2. Tšusumetso ea liketsahalo tsa naha ea liparasport e ntse e eketseha.Ho tloha ha Chaena e hlophisa Lipapali tsa eona tsa pele tsa Sechaba bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa (NGPD) ka 1984, liketsahalo tse joalo tse 11 li 'nile tsa tšoaroa,' me palo ea lipapali e eketseha ho tloha ho tse tharo (Athletics, Swimming and Table Tennis) ho ea ho tse 34. Ho tloha lipapaling tsa boraro ka 1992, NGPD e thathamisitsoe e le ketsahalo e khōlō ea lipapali e tiisitsoeng ke Lekhotla la Naha 'me e tšoaroa hang ka mor'a lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 'nè.Sena se tiisa ho hlophisoa le ho beoa maemong a parasport naheng ea China.Ka 2019, Tianjin e ile ea tšoara NGPD ea bo10 (mmoho le Lipapali tsa Bosupa tsa Naha tse Khethehileng tsa Liolimpiki) le Lipapali tsa Naha tsa China.Sena se entse hore toropo e be ea pele ea ho tšoara NGPD le Lipapali tsa Naha tsa China.Ka 2021, Shaanxi o ile a tšoara NGPD ea bo11 (hammoho le Lipapali tse Khethehileng tsa Naha tsa Borobeli) le Lipapali tsa Naha tsa China.E ne e le lekhetlo la pele NGPD e tšoareloa motseng o le mong le selemong sona seo le Lipapali tsa Naha tsa Chaena.Sena se ile sa lumella moralo o lumellanang le ts'ebetsong 'me lipapali ka bobeli li atlehile ka ho lekana.Ho phaella ho NGPD, Chaena e boetse e hlophisa liketsahalo tsa naha ka bomong bakeng sa lihlopha tse kang baatlelete ba foufetseng, baatlelete ba sa utloeng litsebeng, le baatlelete ba nang le bokooa ba maoto, ka morero oa ho kopanya batho ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ba mefuta e sa tšoaneng mesebetsing ea lipapali.Ka liketsahalo tsena tsa naha tsa lipapali tsa batho ba nang le bokooa khafetsa, naha e koetliselitse baatlelete ba bangata ba nang le bokooa le ho ntlafatsa tsebo ea bona ea lipapali.
3. Baatlelete ba Machaena ba bontša matla a ntseng a eketseha nakong ea mariha lipapaling tsa Paralympic.Boiteko bo atlehileng ba China bakeng sa Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic tsa 2022 bo hlahisitse menyetla e metle bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea lipapali tsa eona tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic.Naha e nka bohlokoa bo boholo boitokisetsong ba Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympiki.E hlophisitse le ho kenya tšebetsong letoto la meralo ea tšebetso, ea hatela pele ka moralo oa liketsahalo tsa lipapali, le ho hokahanya theho ea litsi tsa koetliso, tšehetso ea lisebelisoa le lits'ebeletso tsa lipatlisiso.E hlophisitse likampo tsa koetliso bakeng sa ho khetha baatlelete ba ipabolang, e matlafalitse koetliso ea basebetsi ba litsebi, e hirile bakoetlisi ba nang le bokhoni ba tsoang hae le linaheng tse ling, ea theha lihlopha tsa naha tsa koetliso, le ho khothalletsa tšebelisano ea machaba.Lipapali tsohle tse tšeletseng tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic - Alpine Skiing, Biathlon, Cross-Country Skiing, Snowboard, Ice Hockey, le Wheelchair Curling - li kenyelelitsoe ho NGPD, e ileng ea ntšetsa pele mesebetsi ea lipapali tsa mariha liprofinseng tse 29 le likarolo tse lekanang tsa tsamaiso.
Ho tloha 2015 ho isa 2021, palo ea lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic Chaena e eketsehile ho tloha ho 2 ho isa ho 6, e le hore lipapali tsohle tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic li se li koaheloe.Palo ea baatlelete e eketsehile ho tloha ho ba ka tlaase ho 50 ho ea ho hoo e ka bang 1,000, le ea liofisiri tsa theknoloji ho tloha ho 0 ho ea ho tse fetang 100. Ho tloha ka 2018, litlhōlisano tsa selemo le selemo tsa lipapali tsa lipapali tsa Li-Paralympics tsa Mariha li 'nile tsa tšoaroa,' me liketsahalo tsena tsa lipapali li kenyelelitsoe ho 2019. le 2021 NGPD.Baatlelete ba China ba parasports ba nkile karolo Lipapaling tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic ho tloha ka 2016, mme ba hapile likhau tse 47 tsa khauta, tse 54 tsa silevera le tse 52 tsa boronse.Lipapaling tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic tsa Beijing tsa 2022, kakaretso ea baatlelete ba 96 ba tsoang Chaena ba tla nka karolo lipapaling tsohle tse 6 le liketsahalong tse 73.Ha ho bapisoa le Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic tsa Sochi 2014, palo ea baatlelete e tla eketseha ka ho feta 80, palo ea lipapali ka 4, le palo ea liketsahalo ka 67.
4. Mekhoa ea ho koetlisa baatlelete le tšehetso e ntse e ntlafala.E le ho netefatsa tlholisano e hlokang leeme, baatlelete ba parasports ba hlophisoa ka bongaka le ka tšebetso ho latela mekhahlelo ea bona le lipapali tse ba loketseng.Ho theiloe le ho ntlafatsoa tsamaiso ea mekhahlelo e mene ea li-parasports tsa nako ea phomolo, moo boemo ba setereke bo ikarabellang bakeng sa boitsebahatso le khetho, koetliso le nts'etsopele ea boemo ba toropo, boemo ba provense bakeng sa koetliso e matla le ho nka karolo lipapaling, le boemo ba naha. bakeng sa koetliso ea talenta ea bohlokoa.Litlholisano tsa khetho ea bacha le likampo tsa koetliso li hlophisitsoe bakeng sa koetliso ea talenta ea polokelo.
Boiteko bo boholo bo entsoe ho aha sehlopha sa bakoetlisi ba li-parasports, baahloli, lihlopha le litsebi tse ling.Ho ahiloe metheo e meng ea koetliso ea li-parasports, 'me ho khethiloe metheo ea naha e 45 bakeng sa li-parasports, e fanang ka tšehetso le litšebeletso tsa lipatlisiso, koetliso le tlhōlisano.Mebuso maemong ohle e nkile mehato ea ho rarolla mathata a thuto, mosebetsi le ts'ireletso ea sechaba bakeng sa baatlelete ba lipapali tsa parasport, le ho etsa mosebetsi oa liteko oa ho ngolisa baatlelete ba hloahloa litsing tsa thuto e phahameng ntle le tlhahlobo.Mehato ea Tsamaiso ea Liketsahalo le Mesebetsi ea Parasportsli fanoe ka morero oa ho khothaletsa ntlafatso e hlophisehileng le e tloaelehileng ea lipapali tsa parasport.Melao ea boitšoaro ea Parasport e matlafalitsoe.Doping le litlolo tse ling ha lia lumelloa ho netefatsa toka le toka ho parasports.
IV.Ho kenya letsoho ho Li-Parasports tsa Machaba
China e bulehileng e nka boikarabelo ba eona ba machaba ka mafolofolo.E atlehile ho tšoara Lipapali tsa Liolimpiki tsa Lehlabula tsa Beijing tsa 2008, Lipapali tsa Lehlabula tsa Lefatše tsa Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng tsa Shanghai 2007, Lipapali tsa Botšelela tse Hōle Bochabela le Pacific Boroa bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa, le Lipapali tsa Guangzhou 2010 Asian Para, le ho etsa litokisetso tse felletseng bakeng sa Mariha a Paralympiki ea Beijing 2022. Lipapali le Lipapali tsa Hangzhou 2022 Asian Para.Sena se fane ka matlafatso e matla molemong oa batho ba nang le bokooa naheng ea China 'me se bile le seabo se hlahelletseng ho liparasport tsa machaba.China e ikakhetse ka setotsoana litabeng tsa lipapali tsa machaba bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa 'me e tsoela pele ho matlafatsa lipuisano le tšebelisano-'moho le linaha tse ling le mekhatlo ea machaba ea batho ba nang le bokooa, ho haha setsoalle har'a batho ba linaha tsohle, ho kenyeletsa le ba nang le bokooa.
1. Liketsahalo tsa Asia tsa lipapali tse ngata tsa batho ba nang le bokooa li hlophisitsoe ka katleho.Ka 1994, Beijing e ile ea tšoara Lipapali tsa Botšelela tsa Bochabela bo Hōle le tsa Pacific Boroa bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa, moo kakaretso ea baatlelete ba 1,927 ba tsoang linaheng tse 42 le libaka ba ileng ba nka karolo, e leng se ileng sa etsa hore e be ketsahalo e kholo ka ho fetisisa historing ea lipapali tsena ka nako eo.Lena e ne e le lekhetlo la pele China e tšoara ketsahalo ea machaba ea lipapali tse ngata bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa.E ile ea bonts'a likatleho tsa China ntlafatsong le ho bulang le ho ntlafatsa sejoale-joale, ea fa sechaba sohle kutloisiso e tebileng ea mosebetsi oa batho ba nang le bokooa, ea matlafatsa nts'etsopele ea mananeo a China bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, 'me ea phahamisa boemo ba Lilemo tse Leshome tsa Asia le Pacific tsa Batho ba nang le bokooa. Batho.
Ka 2010, Lipapali tsa Pele tsa Asia li ile tsa tšoareloa Guangzhou, tse neng li kenetsoe ke baatlelete ba tsoang linaheng tse 41 le libaka.Ena e ne e le ketsahalo ea pele ea lipapali e ileng ea tšoaroa ka mor'a ho hlophisoa bocha ha mekhatlo ea lipalangoang tsa Asia.E ne e boetse e le lekhetlo la pele hore Lipapali tsa Asian Para li tšoareloe toropong e le 'ngoe le selemong sona seo Lipapali tsa Asia, li khothalletsa tikoloho e se nang litšitiso haholoanyane Guangzhou.Lipapali tsa Asian Para Games li ile tsa thusa ho bontša bokhoni ba lipapali tsa batho ba nang le bokooa, tsa theha moea o motle bakeng sa ho thusa batho ba nang le bokooa ho kena-kenana le sechaba, tsa nolofalletsa batho ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ho kopanela litholoana tsa tsoelo-pele, le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba lipalangoang Asia.
Ka 2022, Lipapali tsa Bone tsa Asia li tla tšoareloa Hangzhou.Hoo e ka bang baatlelete ba parasport ba 3,800 ba tsoang linaheng le libaka tse fetang 40 ba tla qothisana lehlokoa le liketsahalo tse 604 lipapaling tse 22.Lipapali tsena li tla khothaletsa setsoalle le tšebelisano-'moho Asia ka matla.
2. Lipapali tse khethehileng tsa Liolimpiki tsa Lefatše tsa Lehlabula tsa Shanghai tsa 2007 li bile katleho e kholo.Ka 2007, Lipapali tsa Lehlabula tsa Lefatše tsa Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng tsa bo-12 li ile tsa tšoareloa Shanghai, tsa hohela baatlelete le bakoetlisi ba fetang 10,000 ba tsoang linaheng le libaka tse 164 ho qothisana lehlokoa le lipapali tse 25.Lena e ne e le lekhetlo la pele naha e tsoelang pele e tšoara Lipapali tse Khethehileng tsa Lehlabula tsa Lefatše tsa Liolimpiki ’me e ne e le lekhetlo la pele lipapali tseo li tšoareloa Asia.E matlafalitse tšepo ea batho ba nang le bokooa ba kelello boitekong ba bona ba ho ikopanya le sechaba, le ho khothaletsa Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng tsa Chaena.
Ho tšoaea Lipapali tsa Lehlabula tsa Lefatše tsa Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng tsa Shanghai, la 20 Phupu, e leng letsatsi la ho bula ketsahalo ena, le khethiloe e le Letsatsi la Naha le Khethehileng la Liolimpiki.Mokhatlo oa baithaopi o bitsoang "Sunshine Home" o thehiloe Shanghai ho thusa batho ba nang le bokooa ba kelello ho fumana koetliso ea ho tsosolosa, koetliso ea thuto, tlhokomelo ea mots'eare, le tsosoloso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho.Ho itšetlehile ka phihlelo ena, lenaneo la "Sunshine Home" le ile la atolosoa naheng ka bophara ho tšehetsa litsi tsa tlhokomelo le malapa ho fana ka litšebeletso le thuso ho batho ba nang le bokooa ba kelello kapa ba kelello le ba holofetseng haholo.
3. Lipapali tsa Beijing tsa 2008 tsa Paralympic li ile tsa fanoa ka maemo a holimo ka ho fetisisa.Ka 2008, Beijing e ile ea tšoara Lipapali tsa 13 tsa Paralympic, tse hohelang baatlelete ba 4,032 ba tsoang linaheng tse 147 le libaka ho qothisana lehlokoa le liketsahalo tse 472 lipapaling tse 20.Palo ea baatlelete ba nkang karolo, linaha le libaka le palo ea liketsahalo tsa tlholisano kaofela li fihlile rekoto e phahameng nalaneng ea Lipapali tsa Paralympic.Lipapali tsa Paralympic tsa 2008 li entse Beijing toropo ea pele lefats'eng ho etsa kopo le ho tšoara Lipapali tsa Liolimpiki le Lipapali tsa Batho ba holofetseng ka nako e le 'ngoe;Beijing e ile ea phethahatsa tšepiso ea eona ea ho ba sethaleng sa "lipapali tse peli tsa bokhabane bo lekanang", 'me ea fana ka lipapali tsa Paralympics tse ikhethang ka maemo a phahameng ka ho fetisisa.Lepetjo la yona la “ho feteletsa maemo, kopanyo le ho arolelana” le bontshitse tlatsetso ya China ho boleng ba Mokgatlo wa matjhaba wa Paralympic.Lipapali tsena li siile lefa le leholo litsing tsa lipapali, lipalangoang tsa litoropong, lits'ebeletso tse fumanehang habonolo, le lits'ebeletso tsa boithaopo, tse emelang tsoelo-pele e kholo mosebetsing oa China bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa.
Beijing e hahile sehlopha sa litsi tsa lits'ebeletso tse tloaelehileng tse bitsoang "Lehae le Monate" ho thusa batho ba nang le bokooa le malapa a bona ho natefeloa ke phihlello ea ntlafatso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho, koetliso ea thuto, tlhokomelo ea letsatsi le boithabiso le lipapali, ho theha maemo a hore ba kopane sechabeng ka tekano. motheo.
Kutloisiso ea sechaba mabapi le phano ea batho ba nang le bokooa le lipapali tsa bona e eketsehile.Likhopolo tsa “teka-tekano, ho ba le seabo le ho arolelana” li ntse li mela ka metso, ha kutloisiso, tlhompho, ho thusa, le ho hlokomela batho ba nang le bokooa e ntse e le ntho e tloaelehileng sechabeng.China e phethahalitse tšepiso ea eona e tiileng ho sechaba sa machaba.E ’nile ea ntšetsa pele moea oa Liolimpiki oa bonngoe, setsoalle le khotso, e khothalelitse kutloisiso le setsoalle har’a batho ba linaha tsohle, ea etsa hore lepetjo la “Lefatše le le Leng, Toro e le ’Ngoe” le utloahale lefatšeng lohle, ’me le hapile thoriso e phahameng ho tsoa lichabeng tsa machaba.
4. China e etsa sohle se matleng a eona ho itokisetsa Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic tsa Beijing tsa 2022.Ka 2015, hammoho le Zhangjiakou, Beijing e ile ea hapa kopo ea ho tšoara Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Liolimpiki tsa 2022 le Paralympic.Sena se entse hore toropo e be ea pele ea ho tšoara Lipapali tsa Lipapali tsa Lehlabula le Mariha, 'me sa theha menyetla e meholo ea nts'etsopele bakeng sa liparasport tsa mariha.China e ikemiseditse ho hlophisa ketsahalo ya dipapadi e "tala, e kenyeletsang, e bulehileng le e hlwekileng", le e "tsamaisoang, e bolokehileng le e kgabane".Ho fihlela sena naha e entse matsapa ohle ho buisana le ho sebelisana le Komiti ea Machaba ea Paralympic le mekhatlo e meng ea machaba ea lipapali ho kenya tšebetsong liprothokholo tsohle tsa taolo le thibelo ea Covid-19.Litokisetso tse felletseng li entsoe bakeng sa ho hlophisoa ha Lipapali le litšebeletso tse amanang le tsona, bakeng sa tšebeliso ea mahlale le thekenoloji le bakeng sa mesebetsi ea setso nakong ea Lipapali.
Ka selemo sa 2019, Beijing e ile ea qala lenaneo le ikhethileng la ho khothaletsa tikoloho e se nang litšitiso, e shebane le mesebetsi e meholo e 17 ea ho lokisa mathata libakeng tsa bohlokoa joalo ka litsela tsa litoropo, lipalangoang tsa sechaba, libaka tsa lits'ebeletso tsa sechaba le phapanyetsano ea tlhahisoleseling.Kakaretso ea lits'ebeletso le libaka tse 336,000 li fetotsoe, ho elelloa phihlello ea mantlha sebakeng sa mantlha sa motse-moholo, ho etsa hore tikoloho ea eona e se nang litšitiso e be ea maemo, ea bolulo le ea tsamaiso.Zhangjiakou e boetse e hlokometse tikoloho e se nang litšitiso, e lebisang ntlafatsong e kholo ea phihlello.
Chaena e thehile le ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea lipapali tsa mariha ka lipapali tsa leqhoa le lehloa e le tšiea, ho khothalletsa batho ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ho kopanela lipapaling tsa mariha.Lipapali tsa Mariha tsa Paralympic tsa Beijing li tla tšoaroa ho tloha ka la 4 Hlakubele 2022. Ho tloha ka la 20 Hlakola, 2022, baatlelete ba 647 ba tsoang linaheng le libaka tse 48 ba ngolisitse 'me ba tla be ba hlōlisana Lipapaling.China e itokiselitse ka botlalo ho amohela baatlelete ba tsoang lefats'eng lohle ho ea Lipapaling.
5. China e kenya letsoho ka mafolofolo lipapaling tsa machaba.Tšebelisano e kholo ea machaba e lumella China ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa le ho feta lipapatsong tsa machaba.Naha e na le lentsoe le leholo litabeng tse amehang, 'me tšusumetso ea eona e ntse e eketseha.Ho tloha 1984, Chaena e kene mekhatlong e mengata ea lipapali tsa machaba bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, ho akarelletsa le Komiti ea Machaba ea Paralympic (IPC), Mekhatlo ea Machaba ea Lipapali bakeng sa Batho ba nang le Bokooa (IOSDs), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA), Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association. (CPISRA), Komiti ea Machaba ea Lipapali bakeng sa Batho ba sa Utloeng Litsebeng (ICSD), Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Likoloi tsa Mabili le Batho ba Hloahloang Lipapali (IWAS), Liolimpiki tse Khethehileng tsa Machaba (SOI), le Federeishene ea Lipapali tsa Batho ba Holofetseng Bochabela bo Hōle le Pacific Boroa (FESPIC).
E thehile likamano tsa botsoalle le mekhatlo ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa linaheng le libakeng tse ngata.National Paralympic Committee of China (NPCC), China Sports Association for the Deaf, le Special Liolimpiki China e fetohile litho tsa bohlokoa tsa mekhatlo ea machaba ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa.China e nkile karolo ka matla likopanong tsa bohlokoa tsa lipapali tsa machaba bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, joalo ka Kopano e Akaretsang ea IPC, e tla rala tsela e tlang ea ntlafatso.Liofisiri tsa lipalangoang tsa China, boramotse le litsebi li khethiloe e le litho tsa boto ea phethahatso le likomiti tse khethehileng tsa FESPIC, ICSD, le IBSA.E le ho ntšetsa pele litsebo tsa lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, Chaena e khothalelitse le ho khetha litsebi tse tla sebetsa e le liofisiri tsa botekgeniki le baahloli ba machaba ba mekhatlo e amehang ea lipapali tsa machaba bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa.
6. Liphapanyetsano tse pharaletseng tsa machaba ka li-parasports li entsoe.China e ile ea qala ho romela moifo oa Lipapali tsa Boraro tsa FESPIC ka 1982 - lekhetlo la pele bakeng sa baatlelete ba Machaena ba nang le bokooa ho hlōlisana ketsahalong ea lipapali tsa machaba.China e sebelitse ka mafolo-folo lipuisanong tsa machaba le tšebelisano-'moho mabapi le liparasport, tseo e leng karolo ea bohlokoa ea lipuisano pakeng tsa batho le batho ka har'a likamano tsa linaha tse peli le mekhoa ea tšebelisano-'moho ea linaha tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa Boikitlaetso ba Belt and Road le Foramo ea Tšebelisano ea China le Afrika.
Ka 2017, Chaena e ile ea tšoara Ketsahalo ea Boemo bo Phahameng ba Belt and Road ka Tšebelisano ea Bokooa 'me ea fana ka mohato oa ho khothaletsa tšebelisano-'moho le phapanyetsano ea bokooa har'a linaha tsa Belt le Road le litokomane tse ling, 'me e thehile marang-rang a ho sebelisana le ho arolelana lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa lipapali.Sena se kenyelletsa litsi tse 45 tsa boemo ba naha tsa koetliso bakeng sa li-parasport tsa lehlabula le mariha tse buletsoeng baatlelete le bakoetlisi ba tsoang linaheng tsa Belt and Road.Ka selemo sa 2019, ho ile ha tšoaroa foramo e mabapi le li-parasports tlas'a moralo oa Belt and Road ho khothaletsa ho ithuta ka bobeli har'a mekhatlo e fapaneng ea lipapali bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa, ho fana ka mohlala oa phapanyetsano le tšebelisano 'moho lebaleng la lipalangoang.Selemong sona seo, NPCC e ile ea saena litumellano tsa tšebelisano-'moho le likomiti tsa Paralympic tsa Finland, Russia, Greece le linaha tse ling.Ho sa le joalo, palo e ntseng e eketseha ea phapanyetsano mabapi le li-parasports e etsahetse lipakeng tsa China le linaha tse ling toropong le maemong a mang a lehae.
V. Liphihlello ho Parasports li Bontša Ntlafatso ea Litokelo tsa Botho tsa Chaena
Liphihlello tse tsotehang tsa li-parasports tsa Chaena li bonts'a bobeli ba lipapali le bokhoni ba lipapali tsa batho ba nang le bokooa, le tsoelo-pele eo China e e etsang litokelong tsa botho le nts'etsopele ea naha.China e khomarela mokhoa o shebaneng le batho o nkang bophelo bo botle ba batho e le tokelo ea mantlha ea botho, e khothalletsang ntlafatso e akaretsang ea litokelo tsa botho, 'me e sireletsa ka katleho litokelo le lithahasello tsa lihlopha tse tlokotsing, ho kenyeletsoa le batho ba nang le bokooa.Ho nka karolo lipapaling ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea tokelo ea ho iphelisa le nts'etsopele bakeng sa ba nang le bokooa.Nts'etsopele ea li-parasports e tsamaellana le nts'etsopele e akaretsang ea China;e arabela hantle litlhoko tsa batho ba nang le bokooa 'me e khothalletsa bophelo ba bona ba 'mele le ba kelello.Parasports ke sesupo se hlakileng sa nts'etsopele le tsoelopele ea litokelo tsa botho Chaena.Ba khothalletsa litekanyetso tse tšoanang tsa botho, lipuisano tsa tsoelo-pele, kutloisiso le setsoalle har'a batho lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me ba kenya letsoho bohlaleng ba Chaena ho aha taolo ea lefats'e e hlokang leeme, e nang le toka, e utloahalang le e kenyeletsang litokelo tsa botho, le ho boloka khotso le nts'etsopele ea lefats'e.
1. China e khomarela mokhoa o shebaneng le batho le ho khothalletsa bophelo bo botle ba 'mele le ba kelello ba batho ba nang le bokooa.China e tšehetsa mokhoa o shebaneng le batho mabapi le ho sireletsa litokelo tsa botho, le ho sireletsa litokelo le lithahasello tsa batho ba nang le bokooa ka nts'etsopele.Naha e kenyelelitse mananeo a batho ba nang le bokooa maoatleng a eona a nts'etsopele 'me e fihletse sepheo sa "ho aha sechaba se atlehileng ka mokhoa o itekanetseng ka mekhoa eohle, ho sa siee motho morao, ho kenyeletsoa le batho ba nang le bokooa".Lipapali ke mokhoa o atlehang oa ho matlafatsa bophelo ba batho le ho finyella takatso ea bona ea ho phela bophelo bo molemonyana.Bakeng sa ba nang le bokooa, ho kenya letsoho lipapaling ho ka thusa ho matlafatsa 'mele le ho fokotsa le ho tlosa ho senyeha ha mosebetsi.E ka eketsa bokhoni ba motho ba ho iphelisa, ho phehella lithahasello le ho itlosa bolutu, ho eketsa likamano tsa sechaba, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo, le ho finyella bokhoni ba bophelo ba bona.
China e nka bohlokoa bo boholo ho sireletsa tokelo ea bophelo bo botle ba batho ba nang le bokooa 'me e hatisa hore "motho e mong le e mong ea nang le bokooa o lokela ho fumana litšebeletso tsa tsosoloso".Lipapali tsa batho ba holofetseng li kenyelelitsoe litšebeletsong tsa tsosoloso.Mebuso maemong ohle e hlahlobile mekhoa e mecha ea ho sebeletsa batho ba nang le bokooa tlase, le ho etsa mesebetsi e batsi ea ntlafatso le boikoetliso ka lipapali.Likolong, baithuti ba nang le bokooa ba tiiselitsoe ho nka karolo ho lekana lipapaling molemong oa ho netefatsa bophelo ba bona ba 'mele le kelello le ho khothaletsa kholo ea bona e ntle.Batho ba nang le bokooa ba na le tiisetso e matla ea tokelo ea bophelo bo botle ka mesebetsi ea 'mele.
2. Chaena e tšehetsa tekano le kopanyo bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa ho latela maemo a naha.China e lula e sebelisa molao-motheo oa bokahohle ba litokelo tsa botho ho latela maemo a naha, 'me e lumela ka tieo hore litokelo tsa ho iphelisa le ho ntlafatsa ke litokelo tsa mantlha le tsa mantlha tsa botho.Ho ntlafatsa boiketlo ba batho, ho etsa bonnete ba hore ke bona beng ba naha, le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea bona ka hohle-hohle ke lipakane tsa bohlokoa, 'me Chaena e sebetsa ka thata ho tšehetsa tekano ea sechaba le toka.
Melao le melaoana ea Chaena e hlalosa hore batho ba nang le bokooa ba na le tokelo ea ho nka karolo ka ho lekana mesebetsing ea setso le lipapali.Ka lebaka leo, batho ba nang le bokooa ba na le tšireletso e matla ea litokelo 'me ba fuoa thuso e khethehileng.China e ahile le ho ntlafatsa libaka tsa lipapali tsa sechaba, ea fana ka litšebeletso tse amanang le eona, le ho netefatsa litšebeletso tse lekanang tsa lipapali tsa sechaba bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa.E boetse e amohetse mehato e meng e matla ea ho theha tikoloho e fumanehang lipapaling - ho nchafatsa libaka tsa lipapali le lits'ebeletso ho etsa hore batho ba nang le bokooa ba fihlellehe, ho ntlafatsa le ho bula mabala a lipapali le libaka tsa boikoetliso ho batho bohle ba nang le bokooa, ho fana ka ts'ehetso e hlokahalang ts'ebelisong e bonolo ea lits'ebeletso tsena. , le ho felisa litšitiso tse ka ntle tse ba sitisang ho kopanela ka ho feletseng lipapaling.
Liketsahalo tsa lipapali tse kang Lipapali tsa Beijing Paralympic li lebisitse ho kenya letsoho ho hoholo ha batho ba nang le bokooa mesebetsing ea sechaba, eseng lipapaling feela empa le litabeng tsa moruo, tsa sechaba, tsa setso le tsa tikoloho, le ntlafatsong ea litoropo le libaka.Libaka tse kholo tsa li-parasport ho pholletsa le China li ntse li tsoela pele ho thusa batho ba nang le bokooa ka mor'a hore liketsahalo li fete, e be mohlala bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea litoropo e se nang litšitiso.
E le ho phahamisa seabo sa batho ba nang le bokooa mesebetsing ea bonono le lipapali tsa sechaba, balaoli ba lehae ba boetse ba ntlafalitse litsi tsa sechaba, ba holisa le ho tšehetsa mekhatlo ea bona ea lipapali le bonono, ba reka lits'ebeletso tse fapaneng tsa boiketlo ba sechaba, le ho tsamaisa lipapali tse amang batho ba nang le bokooa le ba phelang kotsing. bophelo bo botle.Mekhatlo le mekhatlo e amehang e thehile le ho tsebahatsa lisebelisoa tse nyane tsa ho nchafatsa le ho ikoetlisa tse loketseng maemo a lehae le tse etselitsoeng batho ba nang le bokooa ba mefuta e fapaneng.Ba boetse ba thehile le ho fana ka mananeo le mekhoa e tsebahalang.
Ba holofetseng ba ka kenya letsoho lipapaling ka botlalo e le hore ba hlahlobe meeli ea bokhoni ba bona le ho tlōla meeli.Ka bonngoe le ho sebetsa ka thata, ba ka thabela ho lekana le ho ba le seabo le bophelo bo atlehileng.Lipapali li khothaletsa mekhoa ea setso ea Machaena joalo ka kutloano, ho kenyeletsoa, ho baballa bophelo, le ho thusa ba fokolang, le ho khothatsa batho ba bangata ba nang le bokooa ho hlaolela lerato la parasport le ho qala ho nka karolo.Ho bontša boitlhompho, boitšepo, boipuso le matla, li ntšetsa pele moea oa lipapali tsa Chaena.Ho bonts'a matla a bona le sebopeho sa bona ka lipapali, ba boloka litokelo tsa bona ho lekana le ho kenya letsoho sechabeng.
3. China e nka bohlokoa bo lekanang ho litokelo tsohle tsa botho ho fihlela tsoelo-pele e akaretsang bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa.Parasports ke seipone se bontšang maemo a bophelo le litokelo tsa botho tsa batho ba nang le bokooa.China e tiisa litokelo tsa bona tsa moruo, tsa lipolotiki, tsa sechaba le tsa setso, e rala motheo o tiileng oa hore ba kenye letsoho lipapaling, ba be mafolofolo mafapheng a mang, 'me ba fihlele tsoelo-pele ka hohle-hohle.Ha e ntse e aha demokrasi ea batho ka mokhoa o felletseng, Chaena e kōpile litlhahiso ho batho ba nang le bokooa, baemeli ba bona le mekhatlo ea bona, ho etsa hore tsamaiso ea lipapali tsa naha e lekane le ho kenyeletsa.
Litšebeletso tse ngata bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa li matlafalitsoe le ho ntlafatsoa: ts'ireletso ea sechaba, litšebeletso tsa boiketlo, thuto, tokelo ea mosebetsi, litšebeletso tsa molao tsa sechaba, tšireletso ea litokelo tsa bona tsa botho le thepa, le boiteko ba ho felisa khethollo.Baatlelete ba ipabolang lebaleng la lipapali tsa parasport ba lula ba babatsoa, joalo ka batho ka bomong le mekhatlo e kenyang letsoho ntlafatsong ea lipalangoang.
Phatlalatso ea ho khothaletsa li-parasport e matlafalitsoe, ho phatlalatsa mehopolo le mekhoa e mecha ka mecha le mekhoa e fapaneng, le ho theha tikoloho e ntle ea sechaba.Sechaba ka kakaretso se fumane kutloisiso e tebileng ea litekanyetso tsa Paralympic tsa "sebete, boikemisetso, khothatso le tekano".Ba tšehetsa maikutlo a tekano, kopanyo, le ho felisoa ha litšitiso, ba thahasella haholo mesebetsi e amanang le batho ba nang le bokooa, 'me ba fana ka tšehetso ea bona.
Ho na le batho ba bangata ba nkang karolo liketsahalong tse kang Beke ea Boikoetliso Bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng, Beke ea Setso bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng, Letsatsi le Khethehileng la Naha la Liolimpiki, le Nako ea Lipapali Tsa Mariha bakeng sa Batho ba Holofetseng.Liketso tse kang tšehetso ea lichelete, litšebeletso tsa baithaopi le lihlopha tsa cheering li tšehetsa le ho khothalletsa batho ba nang le bokooa ho nka karolo lipapaling le ho arolelana melemo e tlisoang ke tsoelo-pele ea sechaba.
Li-Parasports li thusitse ho theha maemo a khothaletsang sechaba ka kakaretso ho hlompha le ho netefatsa seriti sa tlhaho le litokelo tse lekanang tsa batho ba nang le bokooa.Ka ho etsa joalo ba kentse letsoho ka katleho tsoelopeleng ea sechaba.
4. China e khothaletsa tšebelisano ea machaba le phapanyetsano ho li-parasports.China e ts'ehetsa thuto le phapanyetsano lipakeng tsa lichaba, 'me e nka li-parasports e le karolo e kholo ea lipuisano tsa machaba har'a batho ba nang le bokooa.Jwalo ka matla a maholo a dipapadi, China e na le seabo se ntseng se hola ditabeng tsa diparasport tsa matjhaba, e kgothalletsa ka matla ntshetsopele ya dipapadi tsa parasport sebakeng seo le lefatshe ka kakaretso.
Ho eketseha ha li-parasports naheng ea Chaena ke phello ea ts'ebetsong e sebetsang ea naha eaTumellano ea Litokelo tsa Batho ba nang le Bokooa, le Lenaneo la Machaba a Kopaneng la 2030 la Ntlafatso ea Moshoelella.China e hlompha mefuta e fapaneng ea litsamaiso tsa setso, lipapali le sechaba tsa linaha tse ling, 'me e khothalletsa tekano le toka mesebetsing le melaong ea lipapali tsa machaba.E entse menehelo e sa hlokeng dipehelo ho Letlole la Ntshetsopele bakeng sa Komiti ya Matjhaba ya Diolimpiki, mme e ahile meralo ya motheo ya dipapadi le mokgwa wa kabo ya disebediswa, mme e butse ditsi tsa yona tsa naha tsa thupello ya diparasport ho baatlelete le bakwetlisi ba nang le bokowa ba tswang dinaheng tse ding.
China e khothalletsa batho ba nang le bokooa ho kenya letsoho lipapaling tse atileng tsa machaba, e le ho holisa lipuisano pakeng tsa batho le batho, ho matlafatsa kutloisiso le khokahanyo, ho atametsa batho ba linaha tse fapaneng, ho ba le taolo e nepahetseng, e utloahalang le e kenyeletsang ea litokelo tsa botho lefatšeng ka bophara. ho phahamisa khotso le nts'etsopele ea lefats'e.
China e tšehetsa botho le machaba, e hatisa hore bohle ba nang le bokooa ke litho tse lekanang tsa lelapa la motho, 'me e khothalletsa tšebelisano-'moho le lipuisano tsa machaba ka li-parasports.Sena se kenya letsoho thutong ea bobeli ka lipuisano lipakeng tsa lichaba, le kaho ea sechaba sa lefats'e sa bokamoso bo arolelanoeng.
Qetello
Tlhokomelo e fanoang bakeng sa batho ba nang le bokooa ke letšoao la tsoelo-pele ea sechaba.Ho nts'etsapele li-parasports ho na le karolo ea bohlokoa ho khothaletsa batho ba nang le bokooa ho aha seriti, boitšepo, boikemelo, le matla, 'me ba hahamalle ho intlafatsa.E ntshetsa pele moya wa ho inchafatsa ka mehla le ho bopa moya o kgothalletsang setjhaba sohle ho utlwisisa, ho hlompha, ho hlokomela le ho tshehetsa batho ba holofetseng le sepheo sa bona.E khothaletsa batho ho sebetsa 'moho ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele e akaretsang le katleho e tšoanang ea batho ba nang le bokooa.
Ho tloha ha ho thehwa PRC, mme haholoholo ka mora Khonkerese ya Naha ya CPC ya bo 18, China e entse kgatelopele e babatsehang dipapading tsa dipapadi.Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore tsoelo-pele e lula e sa leka-lekane ebile e sa lekana.Ho na le lekhalo le leholo lipakeng tsa libaka tse fapaneng le lipakeng tsa libaka tsa mahaeng le tsa litoropo, 'me bokhoni ba ho fana ka litšebeletso bo ntse bo sa lekana.Sekhahla sa ho nka karolo mesebetsing ea ntlafatso, boikoetliso le lipapali li hloka ho eketseha, 'me lipalangoang tsa mariha li lokela ho tuma le ho feta.Ho sa ntse ho e-na le mosebetsi o mongata o sa ntseng o lokela ho etsoa molemong oa ho ntšetsa pele li-parasports.
Tlas'a boetapele bo matla ba Komiti e Bohareng ea CPC e nang le Xi Jinping ea mantlha, Mokha le mmuso oa Chaena li tla tsoelapele ho ts'ehetsa filosofi ea ntlafatso e shebaneng le batho ka ho aha China ho ba naha ea sejoale-joale ea bososhiale ka mekhoa eohle.Ba ke ke ba etsa boiteko bo matla ba ho fana ka thuso ho lihlopha tse tlokotsing, ho netefatsa hore ba nang le bokooa ba na le litokelo tse lekanang, le ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba bona le litsebo tsa bona tsa ho itsoela pele.Mehato e tiileng e tla nkuoa ho hlompha le ho sireletsa litokelo le lithahasello tsa batho ba nang le bokooa, ho kenyeletsoa le tokelo ea ho nka karolo lipapaling, molemong oa ho phahamisa sepheo sa batho ba nang le bokooa le ho fihlela litebello tsa bona tsa bophelo bo betere.
Mohloli: Xinhua
Nako ea poso: Mar-04-2022